Här är en uppsats som jag hittade från thee good olde Ib;

Autumn 2007
Sanna AnderssonIb1aKatedralHistoryAbsolute monarchs – Prussia The rise of absolute monarchies dates back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, when several monarchs in the Western and the Eastern Europe increased the power of their central governments. In doing so the monarch secured his position as the supreme ruler and possessor of all power. He surrounded himself with followers and advisors who were strong advocates of absolute monarchs, to gain trust and loyalty among the citizens. For those that opposed his behaviour and seizure of power he replied that he had been granted the Divine Right of Kings. The Divine Right of Kings is a political and religious doctrine of political absolutism. It asserts that a monarch derives his right to rule from the will of God, and not from any temporal authority, including the will of his subjects, the aristocracy, or any other estate of the realm. The doctrine implies that any attempt to depose the king or to restrict his powers runs contrary to the will of God. Acclaiming his Divine Right as a King he could rule his country with absolute power. The King of Prussia accomplishes absolute power through a strong army and loyal citizens. Frederick William I built universities to train and educate young officers from the Junker (noble landlords) families, the King had made a deal with the Junkers, a tax compromise. That gave the landlords right to not pay taxes, but the King still able to collect taxes from the other citizens. During the regime of Frederick William I, the Prussian army was expanded to 80 000 soldiers. Those together with his support among the nobles helped him unifying Prussia and accomplish absolute power.

 Frederick William I used a foreign policy which strengthened the Prussian economy. He recruited citizens from other countries, through so called agents that promised peasants land and offered loans to merchants, which made his citizens very loyal towards the monarchy. He also kept out of war which had a great importance for the Prussian economy otherwise the Prussian empire would probably not have been so successful.

 In the West, the issue of the separation of church and state during the medieval period centred on monarchs who ruled in the secular sphere but influenced on the Church's rule of the spiritual sphere. This unresolved disagreement in ultimate control of the Church led to power struggles and crises of leadership, especially in the Investiture Controversy, that resulted in a number of important events in the development of the west. In the Eastern Roman Empire the Emperor had supreme power over the church and controlled its highest representative: the Patriarch of Constantinople. The Eastern Orthodoxy was the state religion. When the Ottomans conquered Constantinople in 1453, the Emperor was killed. The position of head of the Orthodox Church was given to Gennadius II Scholarius by the Conquering Caliph and the Ottoman ruler, Sultan Mehmed II, who continued to practice the right of the Roman Emperor to appoint the head of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Most absolutist monarchs tried to get around the church by nationalizing it, that is, by imitating the actions of England's Henry VIII in the early sixteenth century. While Henry had himself named head of the Church of England, the absolute monarchs in Europe only managed to gain some administrative and judicial control over the clergy. The most difficult battles, however, would be with representative parliamentary bodies; it was such a battle that precipitated the French Revolution.

 Frederick II, the Great born 1712 died in 1786, king of Prussia between 1740 and 1786, are one of the most famous rulers because of his military successes and his domestic reforms that made Prussia one of the leading European nations.

 He became King of Prussia in 1740. As the king, Frederick established universal religious tolerance and granted freedom of the press. He regarded himself as the first servant of the state. He was his own prime minister in a very literal sense. The administration of justice under his rule was pure. Prussian judges were educated and the courts gained a reputation as the most honest one in Europe. He established the first German code of laws and enforced general education rules across Prussia. Frederick built Prussia into one of the strongest nations in Europe and left a legacy of absolute devotion to the fatherland that continued to shape German history into the 20th century.

 Här är nåt kul jag la ner 2 veckors jobb på den resultat G- för att jag inte skrev på "IB sättet", ibland undrar jag vad de sysslar med...

Annons

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Tooovis Mon 6 Oct 2008 18:41

snacka om bortslösat arbete.... :P men alla måste lida nån gång i livet :P

Anders001 Mon 6 Oct 2008 18:42

jo jag lider ju aldrig annars hatade den läraren;9

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April 2010