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Checksum. Checksum of entire UDP segment and pseudo header (parts of IP header). RFC 768. Please refer to RFC 768 for the complete User. Datagram Protocol (UDP) Specification. Copyright 2008 - Matt Baxter - mjb@fatpipe.org - www.fatpipe.org/~mjb/Drawings/
UDP provides an unreliable datagram service. – Packets may be lost or delivered out of order. – Users exchange datagrams (not streams). – Connection-less. – Not buffered -- UDP accepts data and transmits immediately (no buffering before transmission). – Full duplex -- concurrent transfers can take place in both
IP Header. 32-bit source IP address. 32-bit destination IP address options (if any) data. 4-bit version. 4-bit header length. 8-bit type of service. (TOS). 16-bit total length (in bytes). 16-bit identification. 0. D. F. M. F. 13-bit fragment offset. 8-bit time to live. (TTL). 8-bit protocol. 16-bit header checksum. 20 bytes. UDP Header.
UDP operation. Reference: chapter 12. Notes-8. CMPT 471 • 2003-3. 3. UDP Protocol. 0 User Datagram Protocol. 0 Allows multiple application programs executing on a computer to send and receive datagrams independently. 0 Uses IP to transport messages between machines. 0 Unreliable, connectionless datagram.
Identifying the Ultimate Destination. Where shall a datagram be sent to? • OS processes cannot be identified as ultimate destinations. – Processes are created/destroyed dynamically; senders cannot easily identify remote processes. – Process that receive datagram can be replaced by other process (e.g., after machine
Agenda. ? TCP: Transmission control protocol (RFC 793). ? Addressing. ? Connection Establishment. ? Connection Release. ? Flow Control. ? Error Handling. ? Error Handling. ? Interface and State Machine. ? TCP application examples. ? UDP: User datagram protocol (RFC 768). ? TCP vs. UDP
datagram. Although, the IP datagram may be fragmented during transmission, the receiving IP implementation will reassemble it before presenting it to the UDP layer. Since all IP implementations are required to accept datagrams of 576 bytes, and the maximum size of the IP header is 60 bytes, a UDP datagram of 516 bytes
User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Thin wrapper around IP services. • Service Model. – Unreliable unordered datagram service. – Addresses multiplexing of multiple connections. • Multiplexing. – 16-bit port numbers (some are “well-known"). • Checksum. – Validate header. – Optional in IPv4. – Mandatory in IPv6. UDP Header
UDP is a connectionless transport layer protocol: each output operation by an application produces exactly one UDP datagram, which in turn causes one IP datagram to be sent. This is different from a stream oriented protocol such as. TCP (see below), where the amount of data written by an application has little to do with
UDP datagram format. 8 bytes header + variable payload. Checksum. Data. 0. 7. 15. 23. 31. >UDP length field. ? all UDP datagram. ? (header + payload). >payload sizes allowed: ? Empty. ? Odd size (bytes) length (bytes) source port destination port. >UDP functions limited to: ?addressing. >which is the only strictly
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