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There exists a number of different subspecies of functionalism. One important division depends on how the relevant causal roles are determined. 'Common-sense' functionalists take them to be fixed by common-sense psychology; 'scientific' functionalists take them to be fixed by the discoveries of scientific psychology.
It is doubtful whether doctrines known as ''functionalism'' in fields as disparate as an- thropology, literary criticism, psychology, and philosophy of psychology have any- thing in common but the name. Even in philosophy of psychology, the term is used in a number of distinct senses. The functionalisms of philosophy of
Functionalism is a philosophical theory (or family of theories) concerning the nature of mental states. According to functionalism psychological/cognitive states are essentially functional states of whole systems. Functionalism characterizes psychological states essentially according to what they do, by their relations.
24 Aug 2004 Though the term 'functionalism' is used to designate a variety of positions in a variety of other disciplines, including psychology, sociology, economics, and architecture, this entry focuses exclusively on functionalism as a philosophical thesis about the nature of mental states. The following sections will trace
The psychological theory T just mentioned can be either an empirical psychological theory or else a common sense "folk" theory, and the resulting functionalisms are very different. In the latter case, conceptual functionalism, the functional definitions are aimed at capturing our ordinary mental concepts. In the former.
James' Functionalism. James' role in psychology can be compared to Darwin's role in biology. • Whereas Darwin collected biological specimens and then tried to account for them in terms of natural selection, James first collected mental phenomena, particularly experienced mental phenomena, and then tried to subject
functionalism as a model of mind, according to which, psychological states are simply computational states of the brain. Functionalism holds, according to him, “the proper way to think of the brain is as a digital computer. Our psychology is to be described as the software of this computer—its 'functional organization." 1.
works of Aristotle (see Hartman, 1977, especially chap. 4). Three functionalisms have been enormously in?uential in philosophy of mind and. psychology: Functional Analysis. In this sense of the term, functionalism is a type of explanation and, derivatively, a. research strategy, the research strategy of looking for explanations
ever, “functionalist" theories are the products of a number of rather different projects: attempts to reformulate logical behaviorism to avoid objections, attempts to exploit mind-machine analogies, at- tempts to apply empirical psychology to philosophy of mind, and attempts to argue for—or against-mental-neurological identity.
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