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20 Oct 2006 Special aspects of solid state chemistry. Close relationship to solid state physics and materials science. Importance of structural chemistry. • Knowledge of several structure types. • Understanding of structures. Physical methods for the characterization of solids. • X-ray structure analysis, electron microscopy
2. Network covalent solids are formed by atoms or molecules held together in large networks (chains, planes, or 3-D) by covalent bonds. What forces hold together the carbon atoms in solid diamond and graphite? 13. Bonding in Solids. ProperIes: hard, strong, stable. High mp & bp. Allotropes are different forms of the same
Figure 2. Elementary cell of rhombohedral structure. Figure 3. Projection on the hexagonal plane. The three types of cavity are represented. Large cations M are located in site 1.
positioned. To fully understand the properties of solid materials, one must have a thorough knowledge of the structural interactions between the subunit atoms, ions, and molecules. This chapter will outline the various types of solids, including structural classifications and nomenclature for both crystalline and amorphous.
TABLE. 12.7. Characteristics of Crystalline Solids. Structural. Intermolecular. Type. Particles. Forces. Typical Properties. Examples. Metallic. Cations and. Metallic bonds. Hardness varies from soft to very. Na, Mg, Al, Fe, delocalized hard; melting point varies from. Sn, Cu, Ag, W electrons low to very high; lustrous; ductile;.
?Predict the structures of ionic solids from their ionic radii and empirical formula. ?Be able to use the periodic table to qualitatively compare the band gap energies of semiconductors. ?Understand how n-type and p-type doping can be used to control the conductivity of semiconductors. ?Understand how polymers are
W.K. Chen. Electrophysics, NCTU. 1. Chapter 1 The Crystal. Structure of Solids. W.K. Chen. Electrophysics, NCTU. 2. Outline. ? Semiconductor material. ? Type of solids. ? Space lattices. ? Atomic bonding. ? Imperfections & impurities in solids. ? Growth of semiconductor materials
19 Oct 2015 Types of Solids. Amorphous Solids are solids that lack a regular three-dimensional arrangement of atoms. They lack long-range structural order. Crystalline solids have atoms/ions/molecules arranged in regular, repeating patterns. They possess long-range periodicity. • minimizes free energy of the
There are four types of solids: (1) molecular solids [formed from molecules] (2) covalent network solids [formed from atoms] (3) ionic solids [formed form ions] and (4) metallic solids. [formed from metal atoms]. Their physical properties relate closely to the intermolecular and intramolecular forces between the particles.
Lattices of many simple ionic solids are built by taking a SC or FCC lattice of ions of one type and placing ions of opposite charge in the holes in the lattice. EXAMPLE: CsCl has a SC lattice of Cs+ ions with Cl- in the center. 20. Simple Ionic Compounds. CsCl unit cell has a SC lattice of Cl- ions with Cs+ in the center.
Annons