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Biosynthesis of Thyroid hormones occurs in the. Thyroid gland (Fig. 1);. • Process involves: • Trapping of Iodide (I-),. • Iodination (Organification) of Tyrosine residues to form MIT & DIT on Thyroglobulin (TG),. • Coupling of DIT and MIT on TG to form Thyroid hormones;. • The process can be separated into Two Major Stages;.
Nature, Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Thyroid Hormones. JEAN ROCHE AND RAYMOND MICHEL. From the Colldge de France, Paris, France. HE ISOLATION of thyroxine by Kendall (I), its identification as Z-3,5,3', 5'- tetraiodothyronine by Harington (2) and its synthesis (3) gave to biochemis- try of thyroid hormone a
The structures of the two thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine The Thyroid Gland. Endocrine -- Dr. Brandt. Thyroid Hormone Synthesis. The synthesis of thyroid hormone occurs in the follicles of the thyroid. The follicles . thyroid hormone required will be affected by the presence of other hormones. As an.
(TPO), H2O2, and H2O2 generation; (d) Tg, whose iodination leads to hormone formation; (e) storage of. thyroid hormones in a Tg-bound form; (f) Tg breakdown and hormone release; (g) control of synthesis. and secretion by iodine supply and TSH; and (h) effects of drugs and other external agents on the. process. Fig.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF THYROID HORMONES Rosalind Pitt-Rivers. BIOSYNTHESIS OF IHF. THYROID. HORMONES. ROSALIND PUT-RIVERS M.Sc. Ph.D. F.R.S.. National Institute for Medical Research. Mill Bill, London. 1 Thyroidal iodine trapping and binding. 2 Thyroid-pituitary relationship. 3 Hypothalamic control of the
Aug 25, 2009 Iodides ingested orally are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. • Iodine is removed from the circulating blood by the cells of the thyroid gland and used for synthesis of the thyroid hormones. • The basal membrane of the thyroid cell has the specific ability to pump the iodide actively to the interior of the.
thyroglobulin to liberate the free hormones which are secreted into the circulation, and the free iodotyrosines; (5) free iodotyrosines are deiodinated to tyrosine and iodide thus permitting the intrathyroidal recycling of the latter for thyroid hormone biosynthesis. This complex sequence of events is governed by enzymes tightly
under the control of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; thyrotropin). All of the subsequent steps in biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, from oxidation and organification of iodide to the secretion of T4 and T3 into the circulation, are stimulated by TSH and inhibited by excess iodine. TH biosynthesis requires iodide uptake into
Thyroid Hormones in Cells. • T3 and T4 have high affinity for binding proteins in plasma. • Released to cells slowly. • Bind to intracellular proteins. • Used slowly, over days to weeks. • T4 converted to T3 in cells. Thyroid Hormone Metabolism. • Thyroxine (T4) is major secretory product. • Metabolised by deiodination.
III. SYNTHESIS, STORAGE AND SECRETION OF THYROID HORMONE. A. Formation of Thyroid Hormones. The thyroid hormones T3 and T4 are formed in a large prohormone molecule, thyroglobulin, the major component of the thyroid and more precisely of the colloid. Thyroglobulin is synthesized in the thyroid follicular

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February 2018