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Washington University in St. Louis. Overview. 1. Cryptographic Hash Functions. 2. Applications of Crypto Hash Functions. 3. Birthday Problem. 4. Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA). These slides are based partly on Lawrie Brown's s slides supplied with William Stallings's book “Cryptography and Network Security: Principles
Hash Functions. A hash function is many-to-one; many of the inputs to a hash function map to the same digest. However, for cryptography, a hash function must be one-way. • Given only a digest, it should be computationally infeasible to find a piece of data that produces the digest (pre-image resistant). A collision is a
Hash Function. A hash function (in the unrestricted sense) is a function which has, as a minmum, the following two properties compression - maps an input ? of arbitrary finite bitlength, to an output ав. ?. ? of fixed bitlength ¤. ease of computation - given and an input ?, ав. ?. ? is easy to compute. Hash Function Tutorial – p.3/??
Cryptographic Hash. Functions. • A hash function maps a message of an arbitrary length to a m-bit output. – output known as the fingerprint or the message digest. – if the message digest is transmitted securely, then changes to the message can be detected. • A hash is a many-to-one function, so collisions can happen.
NISTIR 7896. Third-Round Report of the SHA-3. Cryptographic Hash Algorithm. Competition. Shu-jen Chang. Ray Perlner. William E. Burr. Meltem Sonmez Turan. John M. Kelsey. Souradyuti Paul. Lawrence E. Bassham dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.7896
6 Mar 2010 hash functions. • uses, requirements, security. • hash functions based on block ciphers. • SHA-1, SHA-2, SHA-3. Hash Functions. • condenses arbitrary message to fixed size h = H(M). • usually assume hash function is public. • hash used to detect changes to message. • want a cryptographic hash function.
24 Nov 2008 A hash function h compresses an arbitrary length input message to a fixed length message digest. Such a function should satisfy the following requirements: For any given messge m, the digest h(m) can be computed quickly. Given any possible digest y, it is computationally infeasible to find a message m
SECURE HASHING ALGORITHM. By: Ruth Betcher. Purpose: Authentication Not Encryption. Authentication Requirements: Masquerade – Insertion of message from fraudulent source; Content Modification – Changing content of message; Sequence Modification – Insertion, deletion and reordering sequence; Timing
1 Jun 2008 CDMP05.pdf. [5] Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merkle-Damg%C3%. A5rd_hash_function. [6] RFC 3174, www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3174.html. [7] Rivest, R., “The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm", RFC 1321, April 1992. [8] Bart Van Rompay, Analysis and Design of Cryptographic Hash Functions,.
In cryptography, SHA-1 is a cryptographic hash function designed by the National Security Agency (NSA) and published by the NIST as a U.S. Federal Information .. [5] Classification and Generation of Disturbance Vectors for Collision Attacks against SHA-1 (eprint.iacr.org/2008/469.pdf). [6] debugmo.de/?p=61
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