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In this paper, we attempt to address the problem of understanding and reproducing the great variety of problem-solving strategies observed in humans and existing artificial intelligence sys- tems. To accomplish this task we propose a generative theory of problem solving, which defines the orthogonal dimensions over which
use when they solve problems. Third, Simon and his colleagues built a series of computer programs that simulate human problem solving. Using both protocols and computational modeling, Newell and Simon (1972) were able to propose a comprehensive theory of problem solving that continues to be at the heart of
by traditional problem-solving research in the field of psychology. In this article, we present a definition of complex problem solving and describe a theoretical framework that accommodates the theoretical and empirical strides that have been made in understanding complex problem solving thus far and may serve as a
The article reacts on the works of the leading theorists in the fields of psychology focusing on the theory of problem solving. It contains an analysis of already published knowledge, compares it and evaluates it critically in order to create a basis that is corresponding to the current state of cognition. In its introductory part,
HUMAN PROBLEM SOLVING: THE STATE OF THE THEORY IN 19701. HERBERT A. SIMON AND ALLEN NEWELL 2. Carnegie-Mellon University. WHEN the magician pulls the rabbit from the hat, the spectator can respond either with mystification or with curios- ity. He can enjoy the surprise and the wonder of.
In this theoretical context, the processes of problem recognition, definition, and representa- tion correspond to the first, second, and fourth metacomponents, which are used in the planning phase of problem solving. Problem recognition, also referred to as problem finding, is one of the earliest stages of problem solving.
Scientifically observed problems. - manageable: the aim is to capture all relevant factors. - bounded: the aim is to reduce all distracting contextual factors. - generalizable: the aim is to study cognitive processes. - (often) chosen in order to support or falsify a certain existing theory about problem solving processes. 5
A CRITICAL REVIUW OF THEORIES OF PROBLEM SOLVING AND DECISION BEHAVIOR. PART A. Even a most thorough review of the diverse literature on human decision making and problem solving leaves one with the impression that research in this field is much hampered by the lack ofadequate concepts for
of theory, research and applications. JAMES MCGUIRE, University of Liverpool, UK. ABSTRACT. Introduction Structured training or therapy programmes designed to develop cogni- tive problem-solving skills are now widely used in criminal justice and mental health settings. Method This paper describes the conceptual
21 Dec 2017 Full-text (PDF) | The article reacts on the works of the leading theorists in the fields of psychology focusing on the theory of problem solving. It contains an analysis of already published knowledge, compares it and evaluates it critically in order to create a basis that is corresponding to the
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